Advances in biological techniques for sustainable lignocellulosic waste utilization in biogas production

Improper disposal of lignocellulosic wastes may produce a large quantity greenhouse gases and pollute the environment. Through anaerobic digestion processes, can be recycled to clean renewable biogas. However, lignin in lignocellulose limits its potential as such biomass resource, efficacy biogas production is not satisfactory although recent research efforts have attempted address this issue. In review, physicochemical characteristics three wastes, including municipal solid waste, forestry crop straw, are summarized. Then, mechanism influencing factors from these through presented. Biological pretreatment techniques been confirmed increase hydrolysis then enhance production, among them, co-culture systems, metabolic engineering co-digestion worthy focus future research. Furthermore, natural degrading like xylophagous insects ruminants, also for improving system. This review considers perspective kinetics model studies optimize process, policy facilitate wastes. article aims comprehensively challenges with summarize available methods focusing mainly on biological find efficient low-cost strategies process production.